Markers for cytogenetic damage in smokers: associations with plasma antioxidants and glutathione S-transferase mu.

摘要: Biomarkers for increased cytogenetic damage in smokers include sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) peripheral lymphocytes and micronuclei sputum cells. These markers may reflect cancer risk. Increased risk has also been associated with lower blood levels of the antioxidants beta-carotene vitamin C genetic deficiency detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase mu (GST-mu). We therefore evaluated associations plasma antioxidants, GST-mu phenotype, indices tobacco exposure SCEs a group 156 male cigarette 38 nonsmokers. As expected, as compared nonsmokers had higher SCE (5.08 versus 4.71 SCE/lymphocyte) (0.31 0.48 mumol/liter) (36.6 33.8 mumol/liter). In smokers, were weakly correlated cotinine (r = 0.186) but not (all r < 0.04). Micronuclei either or 0.14). reported previously, (5.24 4.97 GST-mu-deficient than nondeficient smokers. Micronuclei, however, similar both phenotypes (4.3 4.9 micronuclei/3000 cells). No correlation was observed between -0.025). Large random variations make it difficult to interpret absence relations unambiguously. The results indicate that have only limited sensitivity smoke exposure. association be mediated through increases certain forms smoking-induced DNA deficiency.