摘要: Amplifiers and lasers based on surface plasmon–polaritons (SPPs) have been studied for around three decades. Research in this area has experienced particularly significant growth over the past decade, resulting in the achievement of several important milestones. Convincing demonstrations of SPP amplification and lasing have been reported for various systems involving single-interface, long-range, short-range and resonant SPPs. Diverse metallic structures such as planes, films, stripes, wires and particles (some on the …