Vergence and accommodation system in malay primary school children.

作者: Ai Hong Chen , Ahmad Hakimi Zainol Abidin

DOI:

关键词:

摘要: Sixty primary school children, were measured for accommodation and, vergence facility, accuracy, relative accommodation, fusional / reserve and heterophoria. Analysis of Variance revealed that no – single factor was significant by involved among the six age groups all above (p>0.05). However, a difference (p<0.05) found in reserve. The mean standard deviation 20.08 (±6.43) cpm monocular 19.77 (±6.26) binocular 20.18 (±5.00) 0.44 (±0.27) D −0.28 (±0.82) PD heterophoria at distance, −1.84 (±3.9) near heterophoria, 3.25 (±0.79) negative −3.90 (±1.32) positive accommodation. There status between years ages 7 12 old but component system varied with age. findings our subjects discussed compared previous studies to serve as guideline clinical data interpretation diagnosis vision problems Malay children.

参考文章(25)
Jackson Tw, Goss Da, Variation and correlation of clinical tests of accommodative function in a sample of school-age children. Journal of the American Optometric Association. ,vol. 62, pp. 857- 866 ,(1991)
Scheiman M, Margolies M, Frantz K, Herzberg H, A normative study of step vergence in elementary schoolchildren. Journal of the American Optometric Association. ,vol. 60, pp. 276- 280 ,(1989)
Howard Solomons, Binocular Vision: A Programmed Text ,(1978)
Kent Michael Daum, Robert P. Rutstein, Anomalies Of Binocular Vision: Diagnosis And Management ,(1997)
MICHAEL D. WESSON, Normalization of prism bar vergences. Optometry and Vision Science. ,vol. 59, pp. 628- 634 ,(1982) , 10.1097/00006324-198208000-00002
Frank W. Weymouth, Paul R. Brust, Franklin H. Gobar, OCULAR MUSCLE BALANCE AT THE READING DISTANCE AND CERTAIN RELATED FACTORS Optometry and Vision Science. ,vol. 40, pp. 504- 519 ,(1963) , 10.1097/00006324-196309000-00003
DAVID A. GOSS, Clinical accommodation and heterophoria findings preceding juvenile onset of myopia. Optometry and Vision Science. ,vol. 68, pp. 110- 116 ,(1991) , 10.1097/00006324-199102000-00005
james E. Sheedy, J. James Saladin, Exophoria at near in presbyopia. Optometry and Vision Science. ,vol. 52, pp. 474- 481 ,(1975) , 10.1097/00006324-197507000-00005
DAVID A. GOSS, TONYA W. JACKSON, Clinical findings before the onset of myopia in youth : 3. Heterophoria Optometry and Vision Science. ,vol. 73, pp. 269- 278 ,(1996) , 10.1097/00006324-199604000-00009