Progress towards a Leishmania vaccine.

摘要: Leishmaniasis is a vector-born protozoan disease. Approximately 12 million individuals are affected worldwide with an estimated annual incidence of 1.5-2 million. Two clinical manifestations recognized, cutaneous, and visceral, both which common in the Middle East. In forms, infection chronic, potential deformities, persistence following cure, lifelong risk reactivation. Attempts to develop effective human Leishmania vaccine have not yet succeeded. Leishmanization, crude form live vaccination historically originated this part world. Experimental has been extensively studied model animals past 2 decades. review, major killed trials surveyed, modern trends development, including subunit vaccines, naked DNA transmission blocking vaccines explored. Recent findings link between parasites, maintenance long-term immunity suggest attenuated strains, as future strategy.