Sex Differences in Academic Rank in US Medical Schools in 2014

摘要: Importance The proportion of women at the rank full professor in US medical schools has not increased since 1980 and remains below that men. Whether differences age, experience, specialty, research productivity between sexes explain persistent disparities faculty been studied. Objective To analyze sex among academic physicians. Design, Setting, Participants We analyzed using a cross-sectional comprehensive database physicians with school appointments 2014 (91 073 physicians; 9.1% all physicians), linked to information on physician sex, years residency, authored publications, National Institutes Health (NIH) funding, clinical trial investigation. estimated professorship, as well combined outcome associate or adjusting for these factors multilevel (hierarchical) model. also how varied specialty whether were more prevalent ranked highly research. Exposures Physician sex. Main Outcomes Measures Academic rank. Results In all, there 30 464 who vs 60 609 Of those, 3623 (11.9%) 17 354 men (28.6%) had full-professor appointments, an absolute difference −16.7% (95% CI, −17.3% −16.2%). Women younger disproportionately represented internal medicine pediatrics. mean total number publications was 11.6 24.8 men, −13.2 −13.6 −12.7); first- last-author 5.9 13.7 −7.8 −8.1 −7.5). Among NIH grant, 6.8% (2059 464) 10.3% (6237 609) −3.5% −3.9% −3.1%). 6.4% 8.8% registered ClinicalTrials.gov, −2.4% −2.8% −2.0%). After multivariable adjustment, less likely than have achieved status (absolute adjusted proportion, −3.8%; 95% −4.4% −3.3%). Sex-differences professorship present across specialties did vary according physician’s terms funding. Conclusions Relevance schools, rank, substantially be professors, after accounting measures productivity.