Sex, neural tube defects, and multisite closure of the human neural tube

摘要: While neural tube defects (NTD) overall have a female sex bias, this does not apply to all sites along the neuraxis. The findings regarding and NTD in series of midtrimester fetuses are reviewed, then analysed terms recent hypothesis that during embryogenesis human there multiple closure sites, rather than single zipping up process. Females more often males tend craniorachischisis, spina bifida involving thorax, holoacrania form anencephaly, anencephaly cervical encephalocoeles, while females affecting lower spine. Meroacrania occurs equally both sexes. Other sources indicate is male bias frontoethmoidal encephalocoeles. Since seems be factor differentially associated with lack specific areas tube, it would seem support notion tube. However, no association was found between particular either type which an isolated abnormality or those developmental abnormalities other body systems.