Stepwise Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Spinor Gas.

摘要: We observe multistep condensation of sodium atoms with spin F=1, where the different Zeeman components m_{F}=0,±1 condense sequentially as temperature decreases. The precise sequence changes drastically depending on magnetization m_{z} and quadratic energy q (QZE) in an applied magnetic field. For large QZE, overall structure phase diagram is same for ideal spin-1 gas, although locations boundaries are significantly shifted by interactions. small antiferromagnetic interactions qualitatively change respect to case, leading, instance, m_{F}=±1, a phenomenon that cannot occur gas q>0.