Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the bovine immune system.

摘要: Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ( M. ) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, a deadly intestinal ailment ruminants. disease tremendous economic importance to worldwide dairy industry, causing major losses due reduced production and early culling animals. A highly controversial but developing link between exposure human Crohn’s in some individuals has led suggestion that also potential food safety concern. As with many other mycobacteria, exquisitely adapted survival host, despite aggressive immune reactions these organisms. One hallmark including , their propensity infect macrophages. Inside macrophage, interferes maturation phagosome by an unknown mechanism, thereby evading host’s normal first line defense against bacterial pathogens. The host system begins series attacks -infected macrophages, rapid deployment activated γδ T cells, CD4 + cells cytolytic CD8 cells. These interact persistently infected macrophage each through complex network cytokines receptors. Despite efforts clear infection, persists constant struggle leads pronounced damage epithelial Enhancing our ability control this important tenacious pathogen will require deeper understanding how action, cell types involved response, use communicate, genetic factors response infection.