The role of insulin receptor isoforms and hybrid insulin/IGF-I receptors in human cancer.

摘要: This review will focus on the emerging role of insulin receptor (IR) in cancer. Several epidemiological studies have shown that resistance states, characterized by hyperinsulinemia, are associated with an increased risk for a number malignancies, including carcinomas breast, prostate, colon and kidney. Recent data elucidated some molecular mechanisms which IR is involved First, overexpressed several human malignancies. Interestingly, one two isoform (IR-A) especially IR-A fetal has peculiar characteristic to bind not only but also IGF-II. Second, forms hybrid receptors homologous IGF-IR, commonly These containing hemidimers broad binding specificity as they IGF-I IGF-II insulin. By receptors, may stimulate specific IGF-IR signaling pathways. Overexpression is, therefore, major mechanism IGF system overactivation findings important implications both prevention treatment common They underline concept obesity, should be treated changes life style and/or pharmachological approaches avoid regarded, potential targets novel anti-cancer therapies.