Clinical effects of insular damage in humans

摘要: Multiple disturbances following lesions of the insula are reviewed in present article, including those related to autonomic function; gustatory, olfactory, auditory, somatosensory, and multimodal perception, as well body awareness; emotion disgust; mood willed action, addiction behavior, language. Given multiple varied nature impairments revealed by lesion studies, we suggest that insula, a area, has major role convergence zone implicated coordination between internal external information through emotional subjective awareness. Methodological issues discussed with attention paid etiology, involving adjacent areas insular cortex.