The Rho-activating CNF1 toxin from pathogenic E. coli: A risk factor for human cancer development?

作者: Sara Travaglione , Alessia Fabbri , Carla Fiorentini

DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-3-4

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摘要: Nowadays, there is increasing evidence that some pathogenic bacteria can contribute to specific stages of cancer development. The concept bacterial infection could be involved in carcinogenesis acquired a widespread interest with the discovery H. pylori able establish chronic infections stomach and this associated an increased risk gastric adenocarcinoma mucosa lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Chronic triggered by facilitate tumor initiation or progression since, during course infection, normal cell functions come under control pathogen factors directly manipulate host regulatory pathways inflammatory reactions. Renowned publications have recently corroborated molecular mechanisms link infections, inflammation cancer, indicating certain strains Escherichia coli as factor for patients colon cancer. E. inhabitant human intestine becomes highly following acquisition virulence factors, including protein toxin named cytotoxic necrotizing 1 (CNF1). This permanently activates small GTP-binding proteins belonging Rho family, thus promoting prominent polymerization actin cytoskeleton well number cellular responses, changes expression functional modification physiology. CNF1 receiving attention putative transformation because its ability to: (i) induce COX2 expression, immediate-early gene over-expressed type cancers; (ii) long-lasting activation transcription NF-kB, largely accepted marker cells; (iii) protect epithelial cells from apoptosis; (iv) ensue release pro-inflammatory cytokines endothelial (v) promote motility. As may arise through dysfunction same systems, it seems likely CNF1-producing review focuses on aspects activity linked aim contributing identification possible carcinogenic agent microbial world.

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