Sex-specific migration strategies of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from Germany

摘要: Birds exhibit a wide variety of migration strategies, not only between species, but also within species. Populations might migrate to specific sites outside the breeding season, individuals populations may different strategies. Young, unexperienced birds take routes, visit sites, and time their annual cycle differently than adults. In turn, groups adult birds, there be division sexes whereby males females or, more commonly, at times. We investigated differences in strategies male female ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from population northeastern Germany. An important difference was much earlier leaving place by compared males. The timing departure pronounced most other raptor main distance that accumulated over cycle, with generally moving while ground non-breeding grounds, opposite females. exception this observation two migrated Iberian Peninsula, covered longer distances during season. Consequently, same course an regardless sex or strategy. Unexpectedly, occurred grounds 2 3 months before males, long young had fledged. Because faster and, unlike females, did make prolonged stops, arrival times were different. Return very similar sexes, even spent season on Peninsula arrive any birds. Thus, shorter is necessarily associated advantage respect timely return grounds.