Ancestral remnants or peripheral segregates? Phylogenetic relationships of two narrowly endemic Euphrasia species (Orobanchaceae) from the eastern European Alps.

摘要: Endemism in mountain ranges is considered to be the result of a number factors, including restriction refugia during Pleistocene climate fluctuations. However, isolation glacial cannot explain origin narrowly endemic taxa restricted formerly heavily glaciated areas. Here, we investigate phylogeny two species, Euphrasia inopinata and E. sinuata (Orobanchaceae), found exclusively areas eastern European Alps. As both species are diploid very similar widespread (allo)polyploid minima, test whether distributions relictual, i.e. ancestral remnants polyploid complex, or they derived, peripheral segregates more diploid. Based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprint data it shown that sinuata, whose ploidy level confirmed for all analysed individuals via flow cytometry, phylogenetically closely related alpina s. l. (series Alpinae) instead minima Parviflorae). In addition, there no evidence these participated formation allotetraploid minima. Thus, interpreted as Shifts pollination system from allogamy autogamy genetic drift small populations geographic at periphery range str. probably contributed morphological ecological differentiation sinuata.