VARIATION BETWEEN POPULATIONS AND LOCAL ADAPTATION IN ACANTHOCEPHALAN-INDUCED PARASITE MANIPULATION

摘要: Many trophically transmitted parasites manipulate their intermediate host phenotype, resulting in higher transmission to the final host. However, it is not known if manipulation a fixed adaptation of parasite or dynamic process upon which selection still acts. In particular, local has never been tested manipulating parasites. this study, using experimental infections between six populations acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis and its amphipod Gammarus pulex, we investigated whether manipulative may be locally adapted We compared patterns for infectivity ability. first found negative effect all on survival. Both origins influenced infection success. tendency sympatric versus allopatric combinations, but detailed analyses revealed significant differences two only. Conversely, no pattern was behavioral manipulation, ability varied among origins. This suggests that adapt investment according some host's characteristics. addition, naturally infected were less sensitive naive population, suggesting hosts evolve general resistance manipulation.