A comparative assessment of human exposure to tetrabromobisphenol A and eight bisphenols including bisphenol A via indoor dust ingestion in twelve countries.

摘要: Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and eight bisphenol analogues (BPs) including (BPA) were determined in 388 indoor (including homes microenvironments) dust samples collected from 12 countries (China, Colombia, Greece, India, Japan, Kuwait, Pakistan, Romania, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, U.S., Vietnam). The concentrations of TBBPA sum bisphenols (ƩBPs) ranged <1 to 3600 13 110,000 ng/g, respectively. highest house found Japan (median: 140 ng/g), followed by Korea (84 ng/g) China (23 ng/g). ∑BPs Greece 3900 (2600 the U.S. (2200 Significant variations BPA various microenvironments offices homes. Concentrations significantly correlated with ∑BPs. Among nine target chemicals analyzed, was predominant compound all countries. proportion phenolic compounds analyzed this study (27%) lowest (0.41%). median estimated daily intake (EDI) through ingestion (1.6-17 ng/kg bw/day), (1.3-16) (0.89-9.6) for age groups. Nevertheless, comparison reported exposure doses diet, accounted less than 10% total For TBBPA, EDI infants toddlers 0.01 3.4 bw/day, is an important pathway accounting 3.8-35% (median) China.