Personality, Executive Control, and Neurobiological Characteristics Associated with Different Forms of Risky Driving

摘要: BACKGROUND: Road crashes represent a huge burden on global health. Some drivers are prone to repeated episodes of risky driving (RD) and over-represented in related morbidity. However, their characteristics heterogeneous, hampering development targeted intervention strategies. This study hypothesized that distinct personality, cognitive, neurobiological processes associated with the type RD behaviours these predominantly engage in. METHODS: Four age-matched groups adult (19-39 years) males were recruited: 1) while impaired recidivists (DWI, n = 36); 2) non-alcohol reckless (SPEED, 28); 3) mixed profile (MIXED, 27); 4) low-risk control (CTL, 47). Their sociodemographic, criminal history, behaviour (by questionnaire simulation performance), personality (Big Five traits, impulsivity, reward sensitivity), cognitive (disinhibition, decision making, behavioural risk taking), (cortisol stress response) gathered contrasted. RESULTS: Compared controls, group SPEED showed greater sensation seeking, disinhibition, disadvantageous taking. Group MIXED exhibited more substance misuse, antisocial, seeking sensitive features. DWI disinhibition severe alcohol compared other groups, lowest level taking when sober. All less cortisol increase response controls. DISCUSSION: Each profile, which was consistent stimulation SPEED, fearlessness MIXED, poor regulation DWI. As differences uniformly accompanied by blunted responses, they may reflect disparate consequences dysregulation system. In sum, preference appears be useful marker for clarifying explanatory pathways driving, research into developing personalized prevention efforts. Language: en