Determination of the oxidation states of metals and metalloids: An analytical review

摘要: The hazard of many heavy metals/metalloids in the soil depends on their oxidation state. problem determining state has been solved due to use synchrotron radiation methods with analysis X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). determination is special importance for some hazardous elements (arsenic, antimony, selenium, chromium, uranium, and vanadium). mobility each these depend its mobilities are higher at lower states As, Cr, V, Se Sb U. arsenic allowed revealing fixation features rhizosphere hydrophytes. known chromium uranium used retention geochemical barriers. Different have established vanadium displacing iron goethite. manganese photosynthetic apparatus plants agricultural chemists.