Consensus Crash Testing: Exploring Ripple’s Decentralization Degree in Adversarial Environments

摘要: The inception of Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer payment system, and its underlying blockchain data-structure protocol, has led to an increased interest in deploying scalable reliable distributed-ledger systems that build on robust consensus protocols. A critical requirement such is provide enough fault tolerance the presence adversarial attacks or network faults. This essential guarantee liveness when does not behave expected ensure nodes agree unique order transactions over shared state. In comparison with traditional distributed systems, deployment system should take into account hidden game theoretical aspects protocols, where actors are competing each other environment which likely experience various well-motivated malicious attacks. Firstly, this paper discusses fundamental principles existing protocols context both permissioned permissionless systems. main contribution work deals observations from experimenting Ripple’s protocol it embodied XRP Ledger. experimental finding suggests that, low percentage present, centralization degree can be significantly relaxed ensuring convergence times. Those findings particular importance engineering algorithm would like balance security decentralization.