Interaction effect among maternal environment, maternal investment and progeny genotype on life history traits in Callosobruchus chinensis.

摘要: Summary 1. Transgenerational effects, genetic or non-genetic, affect population dynamics and the evolution of life-history traits. Besides components, size gametes (eggs seeds), simultaneously a parental progeny character, can mediate environmental condition experienced by parent. In both animals arthropods, mothers are known to reduce their egg mass depending on malcondition. 2. Progeny may also modify life history traits increase own fitness when constrained maternal investment, which eventually nullify transgenerational effects evolution. Such modification under new conditions requires phenotypic plasticity interacting with mass. We hypothesize that different selective environments should produce inter-population diversification response investment each egg, would be detected as paternal genotype × environment × previous (i.e. maternal) environment (G × E × preE) interaction in fitness. 3. To evaluate contribution non-genetic resource component separately, we used an inbred-isofemale-line approach eliminate influence correlation between other traits, adzuki bean beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis. The females were reared at either high low densities generate variability resources. To test additive interactive effect genotype, resources, progeny, they crossed males from laboratory wild strains had been subjected levels density. 4. The G × E × preE was structure development time: offspring density, negative time higher lab strain fathers, whereas fathers. 5. Our results indicate difference but not adult variation density-dependent enhancement destabilize accelerate