Application of manganese oxides under anoxic conditions to remove diclofenac from water

摘要: Abstract This study focuses on the potential of applying manganese oxides (MnO2) under anoxic conditions (absence oxygen) to remove diclofenac (DFC). By investigating parameters that are important for application, including temperature, MnO2: DFC molar ratio, and co-solutes, removal is evaluated in terms efficiency observed initial kinetics (kobs,init). Four commonly-used kinetic models compared this best fitting one employed. Overall, kobs,init both increase upon changing temperature from 10 30 °C decrease after further increasing 40 °C. Increasing ratio improves degradation, as provides more reactive surface sites conversions. However, does not when MnO2:DFC 2200:1 8900:1. The presence metal ions inhibits removal, possibly because adsorb onto at MnO2 compete with DFC. Phosphate has a diverse effect degradation: low concentrations inhibit high promote removal. humic acids significantly promotes These findings first step towards developing pharmaceutical technology using conditions.