Caveolins and caveolae in ocular physiology and pathophysiology.

摘要: Caveolae are specialized, invaginated plasma membrane domains that defined morphologically and by the expression of signature proteins called, caveolins. caveolins abundant in a variety cell types including vascular endothelium, glia, fibroblasts where they play critical roles transcellular transport, endocytosis, mechanotransduction, proliferation, lipid homeostasis, signal transduction. Given these cellular functions, it is surprising ablation caveolae organelle does not result lethality suggesting instead modulatory homeostasis. Caveolar components also expressed ocular retinal cells, Muller pigment epithelium (RPE), conventional aqueous humor outflow corneal lens epithelium. In eye, studies other microdomains (i.e., "lipid rafts") have lagged behind what substantial body literature outside vision science. However, interest their molecular has increased with accumulating evidence important vision-related functions such as blood-retinal barrier inflammatory signaling, pathogen entry at surface, drainage. The recent association CAV1/2 gene loci primary open angle glaucoma intraocular pressure further enhanced need to better understand caveolar context physiology disease. Herein, we provide first comprehensive review on caveolae, caveolins, visual system function. This highlights importance pathophysiology emphasizes modulators