New oral anticoagulants: their advantages and disadvantages compared with vitamin K antagonists in the prevention and treatment of patients with thromboembolic events.

摘要: Despite the discovery and application of many parenteral (unfractionated low-molecular-weight heparins) oral anticoagulant vitamin K antagonist (VKA) drugs, prevention treatment venous arterial thrombotic phenomena remain major medical challenges. Furthermore, VKAs are only anticoagulants used during past 60 years. The main objective this study is to present recent data on non-vitamin (NOACs) analyze their advantages disadvantages compared with those based a large number studies. NOACs novel direct-acting medications that selective for one specific coagulation factor, either thrombin (IIa) or activated factor X (Xa). Several NOACs, such as dabigatran (a direct inhibitor FIIa) rivaroxaban, apixaban edoxaban (direct inhibitors Xa), have been at least 5 years but possibly 10 Unlike traditional VKAs, which prevent process by suppressing synthesis K-dependent factors, directly inhibit key proteases (factors IIa Xa). important indications these drugs deep vein thrombosis pulmonary embolisms, atherothrombotic events in heart brain patients acute coronary syndrome atrial fibrillation. They not fixed, dose-various strengths available. Most studies reported more than when most including safety issues (ie, lower incidence bleeding), convenience use, minor drug food interactions, wide therapeutic window, no need laboratory monitoring. Nonetheless, there some conditions choice. Based available data, we can conclude greater fewer VKAs. New required further assess efficacy NOACs.