The effect of compact formulations on the environmental profile of northern european granular laundry detergents

摘要: Regular (1988) and compact granular (1992, 1998) laundry detergents were compared on the basis of two distinct, complementary approaches: Environmental Risk Assessment Life-Cycle Assessment. The results are presented in this paper an accompanying volume (Part II: Assessment). Exposure data from Netherlands Sweden used for retrospective analysis. time period studied (1988–1998) spans many innovations detergents, one which was introduction detergents. aquatic risk assessment resulted quotients below 1 all detergent ingredients both countries over studied. Furthermore, it showed that decrease to five-fold between 1988 1998 each country due Slightly lower observed Sweden, when Netherlands, attributable water hardness resulting usage per wash cycle country. If hardnesses equal, outcome product assessments would also be same countries.