Effects of DDT treatments applied for tsetse fly control on White-headed Black Chat (Thamnolaea arnoti) populations in Zimbabwe. Part II: cause of decline.
作者： R. J. Douthwaite , C. C. D. Tingle
DOI: 10.1007/BF00831891
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摘要: Food supply, breeding success and DDT residue accumulation were investigated as possible causes for the decline of White-headed Black Chat populations in woodland sprayed tsetse fly control. Gut contents from 21 birds examined. A variety invertebrates had been eaten, but ants, especiallyCamponotus spp. (Formicidae: Formicinae),Pheidole (Myrmicinae), termites, especiallyOdontotermes (Isoptera: Termitidae), predominated dry season. In early rains, more beetles (Coleoptera (predominantly Curculionidae)) fewer termites eaten. Ant termite activity at sites study area was great or greater than that unsprayed sites. Ants (Camponotus spp.) held mean levels 8.71 µg g−1 weight (max. 218 weight) total DDT, which 67% unaltered DDT. Termites 3.32 14 0.92 8 44% 37% respectively. Fledging Chats adjacent areas similar. Residues DDD DDE found all 23 chat carcasses Birds collected season (July) an one month before contained up to 2206 367 578 DDE, extractable lipid (86, 17 27 weight, respectively). On average, 50 times higher area, 4 taken another, recently rains (November). It is concluded spraying did not reduce availability prey fledging success. Initial population due a lethal residues prey, ants. Possible reasons continued 2–3 years after spraying, are discussed.
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