Radiotracer imaging studies in hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines

摘要: There is lack of consensus on radiotracer usage in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We have focused our attention three main areas: (i) imaging animal models HE, (ii) methodological issues HE and (iii) studies the pathophysiology (new) therapies HE. suggest following: 1. Positron emission tomography (PET) single photon computed lend themselves to study but that are suitable depend specific research question. Magnetic resonance (MRI) may be a useful alternative technique. 2. Owing cost technique, there need for multicentre human PET overcome problem underpowered small being undertaken individual centres. should unified protocol with central, anonymised data analysis one centre, using validated methodology, behalf all participating Such would assessment early intervention patients subtle neuropsychiatric symptoms, or clarification effect liver transplantation 3. While modalities remain tools pathogenesis treatment effects, no use routine clinical practice diagnosis prognosis. The most promising objective appear magnetic spectroscopy (MRS) volumetric MRI, which can performed multiple centres without difficulties entail.