摘要: Most chloroplast proteins are synthesized as preproteins with N-terminal transit sequences andimported from the cytosol. Protein translocons at outer (Toc) and inner membranes of chloroplast(Tic) recognize presequence enable transfer polypeptide across dual membraneenvelope. After initial characterization translocon components, research focused on theimport mechanisms their regulation. Recent taking advantage Arabidopsissystem has demonstrated existence substrate specific import sub-pathways in general importpathway. New discoveries indicate that glycosylated may take an entirely different pathwayvia endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus. This review will discuss known importcomponents light exciting new discoveries.