Multitechnique analysis of a deactivated resid demetallation catalyst

摘要: Abstract A spent resid demetallation catalyst has been characterized using kinetic analysis, N 2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA), elemental diffraction (XRD), electron microprobe and CO chemisorption. During the process Ni, V, Fe, S, C deposited from feed onto surface leading to its deactivation. The accepted about 100% of original weight as metals coke. Surface areas dropped by 30–65% pore volumes were reduced 60–85%. deposition metals, sulfur, coke takes place preferentially at entrances pores, causing mouth plugging. This effect can be semiquantitatively described constraint index which is obtained division adsorption/desorption hysteresis loop area volume. All elements exhibit preferential on extrudate surfaces evidenced XPS cross-section analyses. Vanadium nickel sulfides are formed working surface. have identified V 3 S 4 Ni S. Upon air exposure these oxidize slowly Nickel vanadium through reactor bed parallel each other with a maximum 17% depth, whereas carbon profile relatively uniform. top section bed, containing 1.5 times but 0.9 compared bottom section, was 30–50% more active for both removal.