PREY RESOURCES, COMPETITION, AND GEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF KITTIWAKE COLONIES IN PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND
作者： David G. Ainley , R. Glenn Ford , Evelyn D. Brown , Robert M. Suryan , David B. Irons
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0709:PRCAGS]2.0.CO;2
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摘要: Mostly indirect evidence has shown that the size of bird colonies is often related positively to foraging areas, in turn an measure prey availability. We report here results unusual opportunity directly investigate relationships among and distribution Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), degree overlap colony-specific availability kittiwake prey, principally Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus), Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1995–1999. Aerial surveys assess prevalence schools visible at surface (the mode search) allowed quantification areas. Foraging areas ranges were determined by radio telemetry. Large occurred as far apart physically possible not within range (∼40 km) one another; only small respective large colonies. F...
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