Active Nanophotonics

摘要: Recent progress in nanofabrication has led to tremendous technological developments nanophotonics, which rely on the interaction of light with nanostructured matter. Nanophotonics experienced a large surge interest recent years, from basic research applied technology. The increased importance extremely low-energy data processing at ultra-fast speeds been encouraging use for signal transport and processing. Energy demands time scales become smaller physical size nanostructures, hence nanophotonics opens opportunity integrating number devices that can generate, control, modulate, sense process signals ultrafast below femtojoule/bit energy levels. However, losses diffraction pose fundamental challenges ability nanophotonic structures confine efficiently volumes. In this framework, active combines latest advances nanotechnology gain materials years vital area optics research, both physics, material science, engineering standpoint. paper, we review efforts enabling nanodevices lasing optical sources, loss compensation, realize new functionalities, like PT-symmetry, exceptional points nontrivial based suitably engineered distributions nanostructures.