作者: Saeed R. Khan
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摘要: Crystals of calcium oxalate (CaOx), the major constituents most urinary stones, are injurious to cells, create oxidative stress and evoke an inflammatory response. Renal injury results in cell damage. The damaged dead cells released into urine capable promoting crystal nucleation at much lower supersaturations. Damaged membranes also provide sites for attachment eventual retention within kidneys. epithelial damage may assist movement crystals from intratubular interstitial location perhaps formation apatitic Randall's plaques. Inflammatory response be responsible plaques ulceration renal papillary surface.