Evolutionary, Historical and Mechanistic Perspectives on How Stress Affects Memory and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity

摘要: We have reviewed research on stress effects brain and memory processing from evolutionary, historic, mechanistic perspectives. Our view is that the response has been refined through process of natural selection to provide a rapid activation attention memory-related neural systems in threat survival. Specifically, enhances synaptic plasticity hippocampus (in conjunction with amygdala activation) generate rapid, but time-restricted, enhancement memory. The period, lasting only seconds minutes, followed by period which relatively resistant developing excitatory plasticity. One consequence this brief, intense life-threatening experiences can produce abnormal memories represent small fragments original experience. These fragmented trauma are highly extinction, underlie intrusive commonly reported people suffering posttraumatic disorder (PTSD). This evolutionary-based perspective may insight into neurobiological basis traumatic aid development more effective treatments for individuals diagnosed PTSD.