The maximum bubble pressure method of measuring surface tension, revisited

摘要: Abstract The maximum bubble pressure method can give precise and accurate values of the equilibrium surface tension as well dynamic at clearly defined ages given by intervals. Each samples a fresh, substantially clean sensitivity be mdyn cm−1. measurements unique survey evolution therefore adsorption, over 5 orders magnitude time. origin, main forms, some interesting embodiments recent experimental improvements this are reviewed including manostat which permits making measurement hours an extension to stirred systems. Accurate results may require corrections for effect gravity on large bubbles capillary cell walls. value Schrodinger's simple equation is pointed out in connection with former graphical presented estimating latter basis published exact solutions capillarity equation. Finally problem relating age transport properties sorptive discussed. Because part post-maximum-pressure, i.e. growing detaching, must remain close off capillary, formation should considered initial new bubble. This first, explosive stage life important concentrated (millimolar) seems too complicated any detailed analysis present. It insignificant dilute (micromolar) solutions. remainder bubble's life, calm stage, limited inherent expansion convection. excludable proper apparatus design, roughly estimated.