Nickel skin levels in different occupations and an estimate of the threshold for reacting to a single open application of nickel in nickel‐allergic subjects

摘要: Summary Background  Nickel is a frequent allergen throughout the world. However, extent to which nickel relevant as an occupational contact opposed being simply reflection of jewellery exposure has been unclear. Some thresholds for cutaneous induce dermatitis reaction in nickel-allergic individuals have defined. Over recent years it become possible measure accurately quantity on skin number occupations. Objectives  To quantities fingers workers employed occupations suspected allergen. define threshold after single application when read at 2 days. Methods  We ‘finger immersion’ technique sample collection and induction coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement. platers, cashiers, sales assistants, caterers, healthcare office workers, dental nurses hairdressers were studied (five each group except seven cashiers). A correction was made fact that finger immersion method underestimates amount fingertip. The reactivity by various concentrations (μg cm−2) [0·05 (two subjects), 0·5 2·5 (three 5·0 (21 15 (19 30 subjects) 45 (18 subjects)] 21 subjects overall using Finn chambers forearm skin. reading 2 days reactions graded International Contact Dermatitis Research Group classification. Results  levels even staff, or above 0·035 μg cm−2 level 22% will react (after applying correction). open study demonstrated dose–response relationship, with no reacting ≤ 2·5 μg cm−2, but increasing numbers higher follows: six (28%) 5·0 μg cm−2, 19 (31%) 15 μg cm−2, (37%) 30 μg cm−2 11 18 (61%) 45 μg cm−2. Conclusions  This confirms coin handling some others are sufficient allergic subjects. 5 μg cm−2 induced