Assessment of trace element status in humans.

摘要: Trace elements occur in the body very small or 'trace' amounts. Deficiencies of essential trace produce multiple and diverse clinical signs symptoms. These may arise from inadequate dietary intake, decreased bioavailability, iatrogenic factors, certain disease states which absorption, excessive excretion and/or utilization occurs, physiological element requirements are increased stores reduced. This review discusses both static functional laboratory tests used for assessment chromium, copper, selenium, zinc status humans, with emphasis on those suitable community use. Static measure total quantity various accessible tissues fluids such as hair, nails, blood some its components, urine; activity trace-element-dependent enzymes, a behavioural function dependent specific element. The advantages limitations each test discussed, together effects non-nutritional factors that confound interpretation results. Interpretive criteria also given, where possible.