Compatibility of Inherent Fungal Endophytes of Withania somnifera with Trichoderma viride and its Impact on Plant Growth and Withanolide Content

摘要: Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), also known as Indian ginseng, is an important ancient medicinal plant, used in the traditional systems of medicine. In view increasing demand for roots Ashwagandha, present study was undertaken to investigate compatibility inherent fungal endophytes along with biocontrol agent, Trichoderma viride, enhancing W. plant growth and root secondary metabolites (withaferin A). It has frequently been emphasized by World Health Organization use healthy Ashwagandha therapeutic applications. To maintain quality roots, option could be eco-friendly management root-knot diseases co-inoculation native T. viride. The vitro antagonistic activity viride (TV) against pathogens, Alternaria alternata Sclerotium rolfsii, showed 64.3% 69.5% inhibition, respectively. Here, we investigated TV endophytic fungi Aspergillus terreus strain 2aWF (2aWF), Penicillium oxalicum 5aWF (5aWF), Sarocladium kiliense 10aWF (10aWF) cultivation somnifera. resulted increased shoot, weight, height 65–150%, 35–74.5%, 15–35%, respectively, compared untreated plants. Withanolide A content leaves TV-treated plants significantly 260%, whereas treatments, it enhanced up 109–242%. However, no considerable change noticed withaferin leaves, except 2aWF + TV treatment 27%. contrast, withanolide not affected alone but endophyte treatments its (19–73%). had chlorophyll a 23%; however, combination 115–164% control. Besides modulated expression biosynthetic pathway genes HMGR, DXR, FPPS, SQS, SQE, CAS, SMT1, STE1, CYP710A1 control treatments. Apart from genes, ameliorated host-resistant-related gene NPR1 which upregulated ninefold 3- 7-fold treatment. Overall, our results show that withanolides accumulation.