RESERVE NETWORKS BASED ON RICHNESS HOTSPOTS AND REPRESENTATION VARY WITH SCALE

摘要: While the importance of spatial scale in ecology is well established, few studies have investigated impact data grain on conservation planning outcomes. In this study, we compared species richness hotspot and representation networks developed at five sizes. We used distribution maps for mammals birds by Arizona New Mexico Gap Analysis Programs (GAP) to produce 1-km2, 100-km2, 625-km2, 2500-km2, 10 000-km2 grid cell resolution maps. these generate (95th quantile) each taxon state. Species composition information size was develop two types using reserve selection software MARXAN. Reserve analyses were restricted due considerable computation requirements. MARXAN create best based minimum area required represent least once equal irreplaceability values. also measured median species' included (mammals Mexico) (Arizona birds) across all species. Mean overlap between reserves identified sizes 29% (grand mean four within-taxon/state comparisons), 32%, 53%. Hotspots showed low with a 30%. Comparison hotspots very 13%. For hotspots, protected within declined monotonically from high 11% 1-km2 down 6% 10 000-km2 networks. Irreplaceability similar, but more variable, pattern decline. This work clearly shows that map has profound effect outcomes may be strikingly dissimilar. Thus, dependent, such coarse-grained do not subsume fine-grained reserves. Moreover, preserving both full rich areas require combined design strategies.