Large-scale mitochondrial phylogeography in the halophilic fairy shrimp Phallocryptus spinosa (Milne-Edwards, 1840) (Branchiopoda: Anostraca)

摘要: In this study we analyzed patterns of sequence divergence in about 1kb mitochondrial DNA coding for two genes (16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase I, COI) 15 populations 61 individuals the halophilic fairy shrimp Phallocryptus spinosa (Milne-Edwards, 1840). Populations were sampled saline hypersaline water bodies from Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Iran, Uzbekistan, Cyprus, Algeria, Morocco Botswana. Our genetic findings suggest complex phylogeographic relationships pronounced differentiation among populations. Multiple phylogenetic methods nested clade analysis revealed existence four highly divergent maternal lineages with strong signatures either allopatric fragmentation or restricted gene flow isolation by distance. These results are further supported hierarchical molecular variance (AMOVA) pairwise F ST values, which indicate that most detected heterogeneity is apportioned Genetic haplotypes fit geographical hypotheses cases but one. Indeed, one haplotype shared French, Iranian Uzbekistan We hypothesize peculiar occurrence might be due to an avian-mediated long distance passive dispersal event.