Outdoor AirPollution, LowBirth Weight, andPrematurity

摘要: Thisstudy tested thehypothesis, suggested byseveral recent reports, that airpollution may increase therisk ofadverse birth outcomes. analyzed all singleton live births registered bytheCzech national register in1991in67districts where atleast onepollutant wasmonitored in1990-1991 (n= 108,173). Maternal exposures tosulfur dioxide (S02), total suspended particles (TSP), andnitrous oxides (NO.) ineach trimester ofpregnancy wereestimated asthe arithmetic meansofall daily measurements taken byall monitors inthedistrict ofbirth ofeach infant. Oddsratios oflowbirth weight (<2,500 g),prematurity (<37weeks ofgestation), and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR; <10th percentile forgestational ageand sex) byrobust logistic regression. Themedian (and 25thand75thpercentile) were32(18, 56)pg/m3 for S02;72(55, 87)pg/m3 forTSP;and38(23, 59) pg/m3 forNOx. Lowbirth (prevalence 5.2%) andprematurity 4.8%) were associated withS02andsomewhat less strongly withTSP.IUGRwasnotassociated withany pollutant. Theeffects onlowbirth weremarginally stronger forexposures inthefirst trimester, andwerenotattenuated atall byadjustment forsocioeconomic factors orthemonth ofbirth. Adjusted odds ratios were1.20 [95%confidence interval(CI), 1.11-1.30] and1.15 (CI, 1.07-1.24) fora50pg/m3 inSO2andTSP,respectively, trimester; adjusted oddsratios ofprematurity were1.27 1.16-1.39) 1.18 1.05-1.31) a50pg/m3 trimester. Lowgestational ageaccounted theassociation between SO2andlowbirth weight. These findings provide further support forthehypothesis canaffect theoutcome ofpregnancy. Keywords airpollution, birth, epidemiology, lowbirth weight, pregnancy, premature birth. Environ Health Perspect 108:173-176 (2000). [Online 10January 2000] http://ehpnetl.n ie/hs.nih.gov/docs/2000/108p173-176bobak/abstract.html