Genetic characterization of clinical and environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus from the Northeast USA reveals emerging resident and non-indigenous pathogen lineages.

摘要: Gastric infections caused by the environmentally transmitted pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, have increased over last two decades, including in many parts of United States (US). However, until recently, linked to shellfish from cool northeastern US waters were rare. Cases risen Northeast, consistent with changes local V. parahaemolyticus populations towards greater abundance or a shift constituent pathogens. We examined 94 clinical isolates period increasing disease region and compared them 200 environmental counterparts identify resident non-indigenous lineages gain insight into emergence pathogenic types. Genotyping multi-locus sequence analysis collected 2010-2013 Massachusetts, New Hampshire Maine revealed their polyphyletic nature. Although 80% harbored trh hemolysin either alone tdh, urease positive, 14% neither exposing limitation for these traits pathogen detection. Resident type (ST) 631 strains seven infections, show relatively recent history recombination other present region. ST34 ST674 each single infection strain types also identified environment as harboring genes. Forty-three ST36 collection, reports that this rise regional starting 2012. Whole-genome phylogenies included three outbreak traced at least sources demonstrated Atlantic coastal population was indeed derived Pacific population. This study lays foundation understanding dynamics within natural associated invasion