Crop residue removal for bioenergy reduces soil carbon pools: how can we offset carbon losses?

摘要: Crop residue removal for bioenergy can deplete soil organic carbon (SOC) pools. Management strategies to counteract the adverse effects of on SOC pools have not been, however, widely discussed. This paper reviews potential practices that be used offset lost with removal. Literature indicates including no-till cover crops, manure and compost application, return biofuel co-products increase may thus some loss. No-till rotations include semi-perennial grasses or legumes also offer a promise promote soil-profile C sequestration improve resilience after crops sequester between 0.10 1 Mg ha−1 per year relative without depending crop species, type, precipitation input. Animal contain about 15 % their addition enhance boost biological activity. Similarly, application such as biochar, which 45 % 85 % feedstock source processing method, long-term sequestration. These mitigation maintain under partial in soils but are unlikely replace all if is removed at excessive rates. More field research modeling efforts needed assess magnitude different overcome loss