MASSIVE AND DISTINCTIVE EFFECTS OF MEADOW VOLES ON GRASSLAND VEGETATION
作者： Henry F. Howe , Barbara Zorn-Arnold , Amy Sullivan , Joel S. Brown
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3007:MADEOM]2.0.CO;2
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摘要: We ask whether vole herbivory in experimental grassland plots is sufficient to create an unpalatable community. In a six-year experiment, meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) reduced plant standing crop between 30% and 72%, well within the range of ungulate effects. Moreover, their available forage species by changing community composition: four grass legume upon which they foraged declined sharply cover and/or number individuals, five forbs avoided increased, two neither nor increased with either measure. Reductions diversity occurred when first defoliated 2000 but disappeared as replaced vulnerable plants. Within six years, created communities dominated that did not eat.
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