Minimally invasive valve surgery.

摘要: As alternatives to standard sternotomy, surgeons have developed innovative, minimally invasive approaches conducting valve surgery. Through very small skin incisions and partial upper sternal division for aortic surgery right minithoracotomy mitral surgery, become adept at performing complex procedures. Beyond cosmetic appeal, apparent benefits range from decreased pain bleeding improved respiratory function recovery time. The large retrospective studies few prospective randomized are herein briefly summarized. focus is then directed toward describing specific intraoperative technical details in current clinical use, covering anesthetic preparation, incision, mediastinal access, cardiovascular cannulation, exposure, reconstruction. Finally, unique situations such as pulmonic reoperations, beating heart robotics discussed.