Torvosaurus gurneyi n. sp., the Largest Terrestrial Predator from Europe, and a Proposed Terminology of the Maxilla Anatomy in Nonavian Theropods

摘要: The Lourinha Formation (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian) of Central West Portugal is well known for its diversified dinosaur fauna similar to that the Morrison North America; both areas share taxa including top predator Torvosaurus, reported in Portugal. material assigned Portuguese T. tanneri, consisting a right maxilla and an incomplete caudal centrum, was briefly described literature thorough description these bones here given first time. A comparison with referred Torvosaurus tanneri allows us highlight some important differences justifying creation distinct Eastern species. gurneyi n. sp. displays two autapomorphies among Megalosauroidea, possessing fewer than eleven teeth interdental wall nearly coincidental lateral maxillary body. In addition, it differs from by reduced number teeth, absence plates terminating ventrally broad V-shaped points falling short relative wall, protuberant ridge on anterior part medial shelf, posterior anteromedial process. largest theropod land discovered Europe hitherto. This taxon supports mechanism vicariance occurred Iberian Meseta during Late Jurassic when proto-Atlantic already formed. fragment ascribed this new species, several other bones, femur, tibia embryonic all Kimmeridgian-Tithonian Portugal, are tentatively gurneyi. standard terminology notation also proposed record given.