Risk factors for poor outcomes and therapeutic strategies for seasonal and pandemic influenza.

摘要: Seasonal influenza is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide annually while pandemic influenza, unique entity, poses distinct challenges. The pediatric population the primary vector for epidemics main focus this article. While prevention with universal vaccination best protection against significant illness, antigenic shift drift to viruses leave large at risk even vaccination. Early in an epidemic various diagnostic tests are available discussed here. However, once established, testing no longer necessary diagnosis. Groups particular vulnerability serious illness include those <6 mo age, children underlying neuromuscular disease, pulmonary disorders, or other comorbid conditions. treatment neuraminidase inhibitors recommended infection requiring hospitalization. Respiratory failure need mechanical ventilation indications intensive care unit admission among children. Complications such as pneumonia, empyema, myocarditis neurologic involvement increase will be use extracorporeal membrane support. An overview epidemiology emphasis on factors critical poor patient outcomes well strategies critically ill presented. Additionally, we address some challenges posed by mitigation strategies.