Chemical ecology traits in an adaptive radiation: TPA-sensitivity and detoxification in Hyles and Hippotion (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera) larvae

摘要: The larvae of several species in the hawk moth genus Hyles, including H. euphorbiae, feed on plants Euphorbia containing phorbol esters and are insensitive to addition standard ester, tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) their artificial diet. Specialised non-Euphorbia feeding were sensitive, whereas polyphagous ones if natural food plant spectrum also includes Euphorbia. Larvae Hippotion celerio, an out-group with not using as plants, sensitive. A highly conserved sequence TPA binding site protein kinase C euphorbiae celerio demonstrates that intoxication by is avoided preventing target binding. showed no vitality loss after chemical destruction peritrophic matrix subsequent treatment. fed had putatively piperonyl butoxide (PBO)-inhibited cytochrome P450 enzymes deficits, indicating this only detoxification pathway euphorbiae. Based these qualitative results, we postulate proto-Hyles was ability use plants. most ancestral Hyles presumably remained polyphagous, switch toxic necessary. Within youngest, Palearctic radiation, specialised subsequently lost abilities, albeit 100%. South America, origin can detoxify TPA, be a plesiomorphic character state within enabled its adaptive radiation Palearctic, distribution diversity centre