Skin Testing in Allergen Standardization and Research

摘要: As described in the article by Tripathi and Patterson elsewhere this issue, Charles Blackley performed first skin test 1865, reporting his findings 1873. 19 Since then, numerous methods for testing have been more or less validated. Those currently perceived to be most important are discussed. The purpose of is demonstrate presence allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies on mast cells. Inoculation minimal amounts—a few picoliters case prick 0.05 0.1 mL intradermal testing—of allergen induces an immediate reaction sensitized individuals. If dose high relation patient's sensitivity, there also a late reaction. consists central wheal with surrounding erythema appearing within half hour; it depends interaction IgE cells soluble interstitial fluid. One molecule binds two molecules, inducing mast-cell activation release preformed mediators (such as histamine) formed membrane (e.g., leukotrienes prostaglandins). Interleukins (soluble messenger substances such IL-4 IL-5) released, attracting other T cells, neutrophils, eosinophils. These involved late-phase Skin primarily diagnose allergic diseases or, correctly, IgE-mediated part these multifactorial diseases. This concentrates use tests standardization research.