Catecholamines and stress

摘要: The subject of catecholamines and stress has occupied researchers for many years filled books. A brief revew such as this cannot cover a broad topic. Instead, provided here are few concepts, reflecting somewhat different viewpoints from those in standard textbooks. first these concepts is that there three distinct peripheral catecholamine systems, each with effectors, regulation, roles. systems the sympathetic nervous system, adrenomedullary hormonal DOPA-dopamine autocrine/paracrine system. This contrasts traditional concept, promulated by WALTER B. CANNON, unitary sympathoadrenal It also notion HANS SELYE release “adrenalines” characterizes acute phase what he called “General Adaptation Syndrome.” Both investigators held to view all forms lead same stereotyped response. Indeed, line “doctrine nonspecificity,” defined nonspecific response body any demand imposed upon it [1]. According relatively new however, responses have primitive kind specificity, differential depending on type intensity stressor sensed organism interpreted light experience [2]. Another concept paper CANNON'S teachings instead system becoming active only emergencies, tonic outflows several vascular beds, organs, glands maintain levels variety monitored variables, both under resting conditions everyday challenges orthostasis, locomotion, post-prandial state, altered temperature. notes closer association between hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical than (Table 1). In fainting, activation concurrent sympathoinhibition precedes may precipitate neurocirculatory collapse. Finally, offered consideration distress can contribute chronic diseases, worsening independent pathologic states inducing “allostatic load.” These provide theoretical basis scientific integrative medicine post-genome era.