Photovoltaic canopies : thermodynamics to achieve a sustainable systems approach to mitigate the urban heat island hysteresis lag effect

摘要: At a time of greater attention to global climate change and increased costs energy, our planet is rapidly urbanizing transitioning regions from the natural rural vegetation man-made urban engineered infrastructure. The anthropogenic-induced has manifested itself in micro-scale meso-scale increase temperatures comparison adjacent which known as heat island effect Δ T u− r; (Oke 1987, Brazel 2003) results need electricity for mechanical cooling well various adverse environmental, social, economic consequences local communities (Golden 2004). Prior research documented that between 29% 45% fabric comprised paved surfaces support mobility (Akbari et al. 1999). function thermodynamics alters energy budget due changes albedo, thermal mass conduction, convection, evapotranspiration. An emerging engineering option ...