Studies in the epidemiology of East African leishmaniasis 2. The human distribution and its determinants

摘要: Abstract 1. 1) The human distribution of leishmaniasis in Kenya has not been fully studied the past. Population censuses and careful studies age sex were therefore carried out two areas Kitui district, an old-established focus Tseikuru a newly affected area Voo. 2. 2) Marked differences population structures present these areas; children accounted for higher proportion than Voo; females made up 3. 3) There considerable both proportions cases 4. 4) To eliminate difficulties comparing disease directly, epidemiological parameter called “proportional risk ratio” was calculated areas. This eliminates from consideration time scales exact knowledge size populations at risk. 5. 5) shows that Voo, area, young adult males constitute subgroup most by kalaazar, whereas sexes suffer proportionally greater 6. 6) habits life people behaviour suspected sandfly vectors are similar It is suggested Voo determined solely relative exposure to infection experienced various subgroups; where there high degree endemicity several years, immunity as well infection. 7. 7) In determinant correlates very with amounts spent subgroups close proximity termite hills. study thus provides further confirmatory evidence support “termite-hill sandfly” hypothesis transmission.