Simulating and detecting artificial magnetic fields in trapped atoms

摘要: A Bose-Einstein condensate exhibiting a nontrivial phase induces an artificial magnetic field in immersed impurity atoms trapped stationary, ring-shaped optical lattice. We present effective Hamiltonian for the impurities two setups: rotating ring and excited rotational state stationary ring. use Bogoliubov theory to derive analytical formulas induced hopping amplitude limit of low temperature where dynamics is coherent. As methods observing we discuss time-of-flight imaging mass current measurements. Moreover, compare results model numerical corresponding two-species Bose-Hubbard model. also study numerically clustering properties quantum chaotic behavior